Dr Toni Choueiri speaks to ecancer at ESMO 2024 about the results from the phase III TiNivo-2 study which evaluated tivozanib–nivolumab vs tivozanib monotherapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma following 1 or 2 prior therapies including an immune checkpoint inhibitor.

He reports that the addition of nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, to tivozanib did not delay the progression of cancer, nor improve overall survival or response rates compared to tivozanib monotherapy.

This leads to the conclusion that repeat immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy should be discouraged in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.